Dr Pierre CHAN

Colonoscopy is a medical examination method used to inspect the interior of the colon and rectum. This procedure involves using a long and flexible fiber-optic scope (endoscope) inserted through the rectum to examine the entire colon and assess its condition.

Constipation is a common ailment among urban dwellers. Besides being influenced by dietary habits, lifestyle, and physiological factors, other disease-related factors can lead to constipation. Once constipation becomes a severe issue, it may give rise to anal problems, bowel obstruction, and an increased risk of colorectal cancer, making it a matter not to be taken lightly.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) combines endoscopy and X-ray technology. It involves inserting an endoscope orally, passing through the oesophagus and stomach to reach the second part of the duodenum. A catheter is then used to inject a contrast medium into the bile and pancreatic ducts to diagnose and treat blockages in the pancreas or bile duct.

The leading causes of faecal incontinence include a weak pelvic floor, damage to the anal sphincter, and conditions like pudendal neuropathy. Persistent faecal incontinence may increase the risk of infection for patients, especially in the anal area skin.

Fatty Liver Disease (formerly known as Steatohepatitis) is a condition in which the liver accumulates more than 5% of its own body mass in fat.

Gastritis is a common gastric disease, manifested by abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, etc. It requires attention to diet and treatment.

Gastroscopy, or Endoscopy or OGD, is a medical examination method. It involves inserting a flexible and bendable fibre-optic scope (endoscope) through the patient's mouth and entering the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum to examine the condition of these organs.

Pancreatitis is when the pancreas undergoes inflammation due to tissue damage and can be categorized as acute or chronic. Pancreatitis is a serious disease with the potential to lead to severe complications, organ failure, and even death. Swift diagnosis and treatment are essential.